ARISTOTLE
Aristotle was a philosopher born in Stagira, Greek in 384 BC. He became Plato’s student at 17 years old. After Plato died, he established an academy named Lyceum. He leaded the school for 12 years. In there, he develop Aristotle’s philosophy included six books discusses about logic. Aristotle’s logic is a deductive reasoning which founded by Euclid. The logical works of Aristotle were compiled into six books:
1. Categories (Latin: Categoriae) consist of substance, quantity, quality, relation, place, time, situation, condition, action, and passion.
2. On Interpretation (Latin: De Interpretatione) introduces Aristotle’s conception of proposition and judgment, discusses the Problem of the futures contingents.
3. Prior Analytics (Latin: Analytica Priora) introduces his syllogistic method.
4. Posterior Analytics (Latin: Analytica Posteriora) discusses about demonstration, definition and scientific knowledge.
5. Topics (Latin: Topica) discusses treats issues in constructing valid arguments.
6. On Sophistical Refutations (Latin: De Sophisticis Elenchis) gives a treatment of logical fallacies.